Also known as: low-intensity steady-state, LISS, aerobic base training
Latest evidence update: 2026-09-01
Strongest in Sample size (95). Held back by Study quality (73).
Solid mix of RCTs with some methodological gaps.
Confirmed across many independent studies with significant findings.
Tens of thousands of participants pooled across studies.
Studies agree on direction of effect.
Most studies are recent (last 2-3 years).
Areas where research points to a consistent direction of effect. The strength of evidence is graded; the size of the effect is not quantified.
Low-intensity cardio where you can maintain a conversation. Builds mitochondrial density and cardiovascular efficiency.
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Greater weight loss percentage was associated with larger reductions in type 2 diabetes incidence in adults with prediabetes (β = 0.07, p = 0.010).
CART reduced fasting insulin compared with aerobic exercise alone (MD = -2.70 μU/mL), a statistically significant difference between the two subgroups.
Combining aerobic exercise with task-based interventions (cognitive-motor dual-tasking and functional motor training) produced large improvements in cognitive function in post-stroke cognitive impairment patients (SMD = 1.18, 95% CI 0.68-1.68).
Compared with control, PE/curriculum-focused school-based physical activity interventions were associated with higher MVPA in children and adolescents (SMD=0.21, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.35).
Multicomponent digital health interventions significantly increased moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) by 45.9 min/week in older adults.