ProtocolEngine.io

Sauna / heat exposure

Also known as: sauna bathing, heat therapy, infrared sauna

AAdequate Evidence190 studies referenced

Regular sauna use (80-100°C, 15-20 min) is associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality and heat shock protein activation.

Duration

15-20 minutes

Frequency

2-4x per week

Equipment

Sauna access

How to do it

  1. 1Traditional sauna: 80-100°C for 15-20 minutes
  2. 2Or infrared sauna: 50-60°C for 30-40 minutes
  3. 32-4 sessions per week
  4. 4Hydrate before and after
  5. 5Cool down naturally or with cold exposure after

Safety notes

Avoid if pregnant. Hydrate well. Don't use after heavy alcohol.

Studies on Sauna / heat exposure (190)

1.

Association Between Sauna Bathing and Fatal Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality Events

Laukkanen T, et al. (2015) · JAMA Intern Med · n=2,315

CohortPubMedDOI
2.

Safety and efficacy of Vectored thermal pulsation, Intense pulsed light, and Eyelid Warm compress therapies (VIEW) for meibomian gland dysfunction: Study design and baseline characteristics of a randomized controlled trial.

Hu Z (2026) · PloS one

3.

Multiple acupuncture and moxibustion therapies for allergic rhinitis in adults: a network Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Lixia L (2026) · Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan

4.

Comparative efficacy and safety of non-pharmacological interventions for erectile dysfunction:a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

He X (2026) · Sexual medicine reviews

5.

Chemoradiation ± Atezolizumab in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results of NRG Oncology/Alliance LU005.

Higgins KA (2026) · Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

6.

Effects of Chinese pediatric therapeutic massage on the management of functional constipation in children: A randomized single blind trial.

Bai X (2025) · Medicine

7.

Effects on mortality of blood purification techniques in severe septic shock patients. An updated Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Meco M (2026) · Journal of critical care

8.

Efficacy and safety of Jueyin granules for patients with mild-to-moderate psoriasis vulgaris: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Sun X (2026) · Journal of ethnopharmacology

9.

Analysis of Interleukin 8 (IL-8) Levels, Blood Urea Nitrogen/Albumin Ratio, Pneumonia Severity Index, and Length of Stay in Patients Undergoing Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Shortwave Diathermy.

Carrissa Primaputri C (2025) · Medicinski glasnik : official publication of the Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina

10.

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy improves post-breast reconstruction fibrosis: A randomized controlled blinded clinical trial.

Nguyen AT (2025) · Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS

11.

Hot pack therapy versus cherry seed pillow in fibromyalgia patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Akpinar NB (2025) · Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)

12.

Effects of Gua Sha therapy on thoracolumbar fascia thickness and clinical outcomes of patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain: A randomized controlled trial.

Wang B (2025) · Medicine

13.

The efficacy of foot and neck cooling on autophagy and cellular stress responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from older adults exposed to extreme heat.

McCormick JJ (2025) · American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · n=17

14.

Effects of geranylgeranylacetone on diastolic and microvascular function in patients with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction: A phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

Nassiri S (2025) · European journal of heart failure

15.

One-Page Patient Fact Sheets for Low Back Pain in Primary Care: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Longtin C (2025) · JAMA network open

16.

Effect of radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy combined with evidence-based physical therapy for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: A randomized controlled trial.

Sharahili TM (2025) · Saudi medical journal

17.

In-Exercise Caffeine Improves Exercise Performance in the Heat without Exacerbating Hyperventilation and Brain Hypoperfusion.

Katagiri A (2025) · Medicine and science in sports and exercise

18.

GANNET53 Part II: A European Phase I/II Trial of the HSP90 Inhibitor Ganetespib in High-Grade Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer-A Study of the GANNET53 Consortium.

Concin N (2025) · Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

19.

Mortality, diagnosis, and etiology of disseminated intravascular coagulation-a systematic review and meta-analysis: communication from the ISTH SSC subcommittee on disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Umemura Y (2025) · Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH

20.

A close look at the evidence on low-intensity shockwave therapy in erectile dysfunction-a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

You CH (2026) · The journal of sexual medicine

21.

The survival and peritoneal metastasis of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Zhang J (2026) · International journal of surgery (London, England)

22.

Moxibustion with Artemisia argyi H.Lév. & Vaniot in rheumatoid arthritis animal models: A meta-analysis linking clinical efficacy to inflammasome and cytokine signaling mechanisms.

Ma J (2026) · Journal of ethnopharmacology

23.

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy versus sham extracorporeal shockwave therapy for chronic Achilles tendinopathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Ni T (2026) · PeerJ

24.

Network pharmacology-based analysis of the antithrombotic clinical efficacy and antithrombotic mechanism of Huoxue Jiedu prescription in the treatment of polycythemia vera with heat toxin and blood stasis syndrome.

Yumin Z (2025) · Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan

25.

Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Diabetes Related Foot Ulcers: A Pilot Three-Arm Double-Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial.

Hitchman L (2025) · International wound journal

26.

Pooled safety analysis of pimitespib for the treatment of patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Kurokawa Y (2026) · International journal of clinical oncology

27.

Acute vascular function responses predict chronic vascular function changes to heating and exercise interventions in young, healthy recreationally active adults.

Cheng JL (2025) · American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology

28.

The effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) in plantar fasciitis: a 12 months randomised controlled trial in a Tunisian rehabilitation department.

Ines L (2025) · BMC musculoskeletal disorders

29.

Epidural-Related Fever and Cesarean Delivery: Comparing Ropivacaine/Dexmedetomidine and Ropivacaine/Sufentanil: A Single-Center Randomized Controlled Study in 695 Women.

Che YJ (2025) · Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · n=322

30.

Combined Novel Microfocused Ultrasound and Microneedle Fractional Radiofrequency System for Multilayered Facial Rejuvenation: A Prospective, Randomized, and Split-Face Study.

Wang R (2025) · Journal of cosmetic dermatology

31.

Effect of Focused Ultrasound With or Without Anti-HPV β-Glucan Therapy on Persistent Cervical HPV Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Niu K (2025) · Journal of medical virology

32.

Oral Hygiene Reinforcement With or Without Repeated Instrumentation in the Treatment of Peri-Implant Mucositis-A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Maal MB (2025) · Journal of clinical periodontology

33.

[Non-pharmacological interventions in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: A network meta-analysis].

Wei XH (2025) · Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology

34.

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for peripheral arterial disease-related intermittent claudication: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Tang P (2025) · Annals of medicine

35.

Durability of the TearCare treatment effect in subjects with dry eye disease: Stage 3 of the Sahara randomized controlled trial.

Hovanesian J (2025) · Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry

36.

Evaluation of the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy following botulinum toxin type a injection on post-stroke ankle plantar flexor spasticity.

Talay Çalış H (2026) · Topics in stroke rehabilitation

37.

Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound for essential tremor patients with low skull density ratio: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Monteiro JDS (2026) · Parkinsonism & related disorders

38.

Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill Improves Stable Angina Patients with Phlegm-Heat and Blood-Stasis Syndrome: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Zhao YQ (2025) · Chinese journal of integrative medicine

39.

Effectiveness of Unfocused vs. Focal Shock Waves Combined with Botulinum Toxin on Spasticity in Brain-Damaged Patients.

Déniz A (2025) · Toxins · n=24

40.

Underdiagnosis of positive resection margins and synchronous peritoneal metastases in locally advanced colon cancer: histopathological reassessment of primary resection in the COLOPEC trial.

Zwanenburg ES (2025) · Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · n=199

41.

Effectiveness of monthly maintenance low-intensity shockwave therapy added to a weekly protocol for erectile dysfunction: multicenter open-label randomized study.

Sandoval-Salinas C (2026) · The journal of sexual medicine

42.

Carbon dioxide vs. warm-water hand baths in systemic sclerosis with secondary Raynaud's syndrome - A capillaroscopy centered randomized controlled trial.

Schulz N (2026) · Microvascular research

43.

Expression of Concern on "Effect of radial shock wave and ultrasound therapy combined with traditional physical therapy exercises on foot function and dorsiflexion range in plantar fasciitis: a prospective randomized clinical trial".

Authors Listed N (2026) · European review for medical and pharmacological sciences

44.

Low-intensity transcranial ultrasound effects on the ventral intermediate nucleus and zona incerta in Parkinson's disease tremor.

Vuong MQ (2026) · Brain stimulation

45.

Safety and efficacy of low intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation for depression: A single-blind randomized controlled clinical study.

Cai X (2026) · Journal of affective disorders

46.

Effects of a short-term thalassotherapy on chronic pain, health-related QOL, and stress in older workers: A preliminary mixed-methods study.

Oh S (2026) · Work (Reading, Mass.) · n=24

47.

Efficacy of Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Versus Postisometric Relaxation Technique on Rhomboid Latent Myofascial Trigger Points: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Elabd AM (2025) · Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics

48.

Combined technology-enhanced home exercise and acupressure (TEHEplus) program on symptoms among cancer patients receiving immunotherapy: a feasibility study.

Lukkahatai N (2025) · BMC cancer

49.

Effects of radial extracorporeal shock wave and kinesio taping on pain, quality of life, hand function and ultrasonographic measurement of median nerve cross-sectional area in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: a single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Bilicier N (2025) · Irish journal of medical science

50.

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for primary advanced-stage or recurrent ovarian cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.

Guerra GB (2025) · European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology

51.

[Heat-sensitive moxibustion robot for improving depressive state in methamphetamine addicts during withdrawal period: a randomized controlled trial].

Jiang Y (2025) · Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion

52.

Topically applied novel TRPV1 receptor antagonist, ACD440 Gel, reduces temperature-evoked pain in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain with sensory hypersensitivity, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.

Miclescu A (2025) · Scandinavian journal of pain

53.

Comparative efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy and ultrasound on pain and functional outcomes in lateral epicondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Alharbi M (2025) · European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie

54.

Efficacy of focused low intensity pulsed ultrasound in reducing lower-extremity swelling and pain after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized study.

Zhao L (2025) · International orthopaedics

55.

Nonsurgical Therapies for Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Network Meta-Analysis.

Xu Y (2025) · Pediatrics

56.

[A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions in treating chronic wound pain in patients].

Fu CY (2025) · Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · n=929

57.

Outcomes of Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) and Liver-Directed Therapy for Synchronous Peritoneal and Liver Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.

Taqi K (2025) · Annals of surgical oncology

58.

Survival Difference in Advanced-Stage Cervical and Ovarian Cancer Patients Treated with Concomitant Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia in Comparison to Classic Treatment Modalities: Results of a Pilot Study and Meta-Analysis.

Panczel I (2026) · Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)

59.

The application of Machine learning in predicting the outcomes of minimally invasive treatments for uterine Fibroids: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hosseini-Siyanaki MR (2026) · European journal of radiology

60.

Nanoparticles based on photothermal effects in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Zhang W (2026) · BMC cancer

61.

[Multicenter, randomized, open-label, and positive-controlled clinical trial of Pien Tze Huang Capsules combined with Compound Pien Tze Huang Hemorrhoid Ointment in postoperative management of mixed hemorrhoids].

Han SS (2025) · Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica · n=240

62.

Relapse Following Ultrasonic Propulsion-Facilitated Clearance of Residual Kidney Stone Fragments Versus Observation.

Yang CC (2026) · Journal of endourology

63.

Effect of Myofascial Release on Pain and Uterine Artery Hemodynamic Indices in Women with Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Jin S (2025) · Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

64.

Coblation versus suction Diathermy in Endoscopic Pediatric Adenoidectomy: Randomized clinical trial.

Elbakry AM (2026) · Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola

65.

Hewei Jiangni recipe improved the quality of life in patients with cold-heat mixed nonerosive reflux disease: a randomized, double-blinded study.

Xiaosi Z (2025) · Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan

66.

[Efficacy of heat-sensitive moxibustion combined with western medication for preconception intervention in prethrombotic state of recurrent spontaneous abortion with kidney deficiency and blood stasis].

Sun L (2025) · Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion

67.

Japanese steam sand bath heat therapy mediates comparable reductions in blood pressure with smaller discomfort and respiratory strains than hot water immersion and sauna.

Horiuchi M (2026) · European journal of applied physiology

68.

Clinical efficacy of acupoint application therapy combined with Kangyou Decoction in treating Helicobacter pylori infection with damp-heat syndrome of the middle Jiao.

Xie SR (2025) · Hereditas

69.

[Study on the treatment of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis caused by dampness-heat stasis with Oxalis Formula combined with transacupuncture].

Lou Q (2025) · Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology

70.

Feasibility of unsupervised, home-based leg heat therapy in older adults: a pilot, sham-controlled trial.

Ro B (2025) · Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

71.

Effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound combined with aerobic exercise on patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled study.

Yang H (2025) · Medicine

72.

Low-intensity shockwave therapy for erectile dysfunction.

Ergun O (2025) · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

73.

Effect of Different Physiotherapeutic Interventions in Plantar Fasciitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Raj S (2025) · Musculoskeletal care

74.

LEAP-008: Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab for Metastatic NSCLC That Has Progressed After an Anti-Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 or Anti-Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Plus Platinum Chemotherapy.

Leighl NB (2025) · Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer

75.

Low-intensity shockwave therapy for erectile dysfunction due to diabetes mellitus or coronary artery disease: An individual participant data meta-analysis from a single center.

Pyrgidis N (2026) · Andrology · n=208

76.

A network meta-analysis of different interventional treatment strategies for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Le XY (2025) · BMC gastroenterology

77.

Efficacy and safety of intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for locally advanced colorectal cancer (HIPECT4): final analysis of randomized clinical trial.

Arjona-Sánchez A (2025) · BJS open

78.

Comparative effectiveness of minimally invasive therapies for plantar fasciitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Tien CH (2026) · Scientific reports · n=4,170

79.

Randomized trial of low-dose, ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis or heparin for pulmonary embolism.

Kjaergaard J (2026) · Cardiovascular research

80.

[Evidence evaluation of electroacupuncture treatment for gouty arthritis based on GRADE and integrated evidence chain-based efficacy evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine].

Zhu K (2025) · Zhongguo gu shang = China journal of orthopaedics and traumatology

81.

Quantitative analysis and toxicological mechanisms of various male infertility inducers: A network meta-analysis and pharmacological approach.

Asghar MA (2026) · Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)

82.

Does radial shockwave therapy lead to immediate improvements in pain in people with insertional Achilles tendinopathy? A randomised controlled trial.

Alsulaimani B (2026) · Clinical rehabilitation

83.

Impact of Valsalva maneuver duration on brain function in patients undergoing high-intensity focused ultrasound liver ablation: a randomized controlled trial.

Zhu Q (2026) · International journal of surgery (London, England)

84.

A Randomized Trial of Physical Therapy for Meniscal Tear and Knee Pain.

Katz JN (2025) · The New England journal of medicine

85.

Advancing understanding of HIFU in uterine fibroids: A meta-review on postoperative recovery and surgical wound healing.

Cao WT (2025) · Medicine

86.

A Single-Center, Blinded, Split-Body, Randomized Clinical Trial of High-Intensity, Parallel Ultrasound Beams Versus Microfocused Ultrasound With Visualization for the Treatment of Upper Inner Arm Skin Laxity.

Loyal J (2026) · Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]

87.

Effects of high-power static ultrasound combined with dry cupping therapy on pain and functional outcomes in patients with trapezius myofascial trigger points: A comparative study.

Toufayli N (2025) · Journal of bodywork and movement therapies

88.

Impact of systemic resveratrol on non-surgical periodontal treatment of smokers: A 12-month randomized clinical trial.

Lucchesi VH (2025) · Clinical oral investigations

89.

Comparing the Use of Physiotherapy, Shockwave Therapy, Prolotherapy, and Platelet-Rich Plasma for Chronic Lateral Epicondylosis: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial With 2-Year Follow-up.

Lhee SH (2025) · The American journal of sports medicine

90.

Risk factors affecting prognosis in pseudomyxoma peritonei patients after hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and cytoreductive surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Wei X (2025) · International journal of surgery (London, England)

91.

Effect of CO2 Fractional Laser PreTreatment in Photothermal Therapy Using Ethosome Gold Nanoparticles: A Preliminary Study.

Suh DH (2025) · Journal of cosmetic dermatology

92.

Therapeutic effect of focused-extracorporeal shockwave therapy on muscular and adjacent tissue stiffness and pain changes in myofascial pain syndrome: A randomized controlled trial study.

Vasvit P (2025) · Complementary therapies in medicine

93.

Effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on motor function in patients with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Peng HH (2025) · Disability and rehabilitation

94.

No effect of either heat therapy or aerobic exercise training on blood pressure in adults with untreated hypertension: a randomized clinical trial.

Kaiser BW (2025) · Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

95.

Which treatment works better for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: LipiFlow or intense pulsed light? A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Chen KY (2025) · Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy

96.

Quality-of-life outcomes with pimitespib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor: results from the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III, CHAPTER-GIST-301 study.

Komatsu Y (2026) · ESMO open

97.

Home Exercise With or Without High-Intensity Laser or Radial Shockwave Therapy for Plantar Fasciitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Kosehasanogullari M (2026) · Foot & ankle international

98.

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of ID-CBT5101, a Tyndallized Clostridium butyricum Postbiotic, in Adults with Mild-to-Moderate Knee Osteoarthritis.

Lee HB (2026) · Journal of microbiology and biotechnology

99.

Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy Combined with Neuroplasticity-Based Training Protocol on Lower Limb Spasticity in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial with Ultrasonography Evaluation.

Afzal B (2026) · NeuroRehabilitation

100.

Reduction of Afterdrop by Using Active External Warming During Treatment of Accidental Hypothermia-A Randomized, Crossover Trial.

Mydske S (2026) · Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica

101.

Noncontact Midair Ultrasonic Neuromodulation of the Median and Ulnar Nerves Induces Frequency-Specific Parasympathetic and Cortical Network Responses in Healthy Adults.

Pryer TA (2025) · Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society

102.

Novel cooling vest with personal protective equipment alleviates heat strain without increasing metabolic demands in the heat.

Sainiyom P (2026) · Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health

103.

Efficacy of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy in the Management of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ruiz-Muñoz M (2025) · Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · n=672

104.

Safety and efficacy of transcranial ultrasound stimulation for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Fuh JL (2026) · Ultrasonics · n=30

105.

Reversible modulation of a deep white matter surgical target for depression with low-intensity focused ultrasound.

Tsuchiyagaito A (2026) · Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · n=21

106.

Effect of Huashi Tongbi Formula on Erectile Dysfunction with Damp Heat Affecting Pi (Spleen) Pattern: A Multicentre, Randomized, Controlled Noninferiority Trial.

Zou HD (2026) · Chinese journal of integrative medicine

107.

Dose-response effectiveness of focused shockwave therapy on ultrasonographic muscular properties in patients with stroke exhibiting ankle spasticity.

Yang SM (2025) · Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation

108.

Effect of Urine-guided Intraoperative Hydration on Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury after Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Pseudomyxoma Peritonei: A Randomized Trial.

Gao SC (2025) · Anesthesiology

109.

Evaluating less-invasive strategies for localized prostate cancer: a comparative meta-analysis on high-intensity focused ultrasound versus radical prostatectomy.

Lepine HL (2026) · International urology and nephrology

110.

Cytoreductive surgery with multimodal therapies in advanced or metastatic ovarian, colorectal, and gastric cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Yuan X (2025) · World journal of surgical oncology

111.

Combination Effect of Caffeine Intake and Thermotherapy on the Blood Levels of Human Irisin and Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Healthy Males.

Lee HJ (2025) · Journal of physiological investigation

112.

Role of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis.

Sarker S (2025) · Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ · n=74

113.

Rotary versus Manual Glide Path Preparation in Root Canal Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Apically Extruded Debris.

Talekar AW (2025) · Journal of endodontics

114.

Shockwave therapy in lipedema patients: A prospective study.

Bruno A (2026) · Phlebology · n=25

115.

Comparison of high- and low-dose radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Ceylan İ (2025) · Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)

116.

Influence of prior alkalosis or acidosis on physiological responses during passive hyperthermia.

Soo J (2026) · Experimental physiology

117.

Efficacy of radial and focused shockwave therapy for tendinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Stania M (2026) · Scientific reports · n=530

118.

Clinical Efficacy of Interventions Based on Professional Mechanical Plaque Removal in the Treatment of Dental Biofilm-Induced Gingivitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Farina R (2026) · Journal of clinical periodontology

119.

Effectiveness of low-power laser therapy and low-frequency ultrasound in reducing pain in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy: A randomized controlled trial.

Almasi MH (2025) · Lasers in medical science · n=55

120.

Effect of sprint interval cycling with blood flow restriction on capillary blood lactate, cognitive function and perceptual response: a randomized controlled trial.

Lee BJH (2025) · Scientific reports · n=18

121.

Efficacy and safety of secondary cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Liu HY (2025) · World journal of surgical oncology

122.

Short-term effects of arm baths on blood pressure in participants with arterial hypertension - a randomized crossover study.

Reiter E (2025) · Complementary therapies in medicine

123.

Comparison of the efficacy of radial and focused extracorporeal shock-wave therapy (ESWT) in myofascial pain syndrome: a randomized, sham-controlled study.

Şenlikci HB (2025) · Lasers in medical science · n=57

124.

Efficacy and Safety of Some Nonpharmacological Interventions for Pain Relief During Childbirth: A Network and Meta-Analysis.

Dong J (2026) · Journal of integrative and complementary medicine

125.

Efficacy of sonothrombolysis as an adjunct to primary percutaneous coronary intervention in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abo Zeid M (2026) · Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · n=252

126.

Non-surgical treatments for post-burn scars: A network meta-analysis.

Yang X (2025) · PloS one

127.

Comparative efficacy of combination therapy including regenerative therapies versus monotherapy for erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Quistini A (2026) · Andrology

128.

[Guihuang Formula for type III prostatitis with damp-heat stasis syndrome in the essence chamber: A clinical trial].

Gao QH (2024) · Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology

129.

Post-exercise hot water immersion enhances haemodynamic and vascular benefits of exercise without further improving cardiorespiratory fitness, glucose, lipids or inflammation.

Steward CJ (2025) · The Journal of physiology

130.

Repeated Heat Stress Modulates the Levels of the Mitokines MOTS-C and FGF21 in Active Men during Calf Muscle Immobilization.

Elhusseiny R (2025) · Medicine and science in sports and exercise

131.

High-activity placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy for diabetic erectile dysfunction: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Ji YH (2025) · Stem cell research & therapy

132.

Efficacy and Safety of MT104, A Dietary Supplement Based on Cuscuta Seeds and Heat-Killed Probiotics, on Cognitive Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A 12-Week, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Kim BH (2025) · Journal of medicinal food

133.

Effectiveness of Photobiomodulation with and without Hyaluronic Acid Gel on Gingival Depigmentation: A Randomized Control Clinical Trial.

Narayanan K (2025) · The journal of contemporary dental practice

134.

Impact of TECAR therapy on pain and function in adhesive capsulitis: a randomized controlled trial.

Uzun Ö (2025) · Lasers in medical science · n=60

135.

Efficacy of eyelid warming therapies in contact lens-related dry eye and comfortable wearing time: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Ballesteros-Sánchez A (2026) · Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)

136.

Efficacy of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in orthodontic tooth movement and pain perception in human studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Shahri A (2026) · BMC oral health

137.

[Treatment of peri-implant mucositis using an erythritol air-polishing or ultrasonic device: A randomized controlled trial].

Sun F (2026) · Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences

138.

Chewing gum versus heat therapy for postoperative recovery in patients undergoing gynecologic oncology surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Tuncer M (2026) · European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society

139.

The effectiveness of dry heat treatment (fluidotherapy) in patients with distal radius fracture followed conservatively: a single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical study.

Cigdem-Karacay B (2025) · Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)

140.

Efficacy of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer: a bibliometric analysis and updated meta-analysis.

Wei J (2026) · European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology

141.

[Xujiang Xie's bloodletting therapy combined with Qingyan Lige decoction for acute pharyngitis with lung-stomach heat accumulation: a randomized controlled trial].

Fan X (2025) · Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion

142.

Synergistic effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound and extracorporeal shock wave therapy in knee osteoarthritis: clinical outcomes and biochemical mechanisms.

Khadour FA (2025) · Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research

143.

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy versus Kinesio taping in treating musculoskeletal disorders: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hesham Sallam M (2026) · Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation

144.

Predictive Value of MRI Radiomics for the Efficacy of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Ablation in Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Salimi M (2026) · Ultrasound in medicine & biology · n=608

145.

Efficacy and safety of Tongmai Jiangtang Capsule in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with coronary heart disease with syndrome of damp - heat obstructing collaterals.

Wan H (2025) · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

146.

Radial ESWT combined with a specific rehabilitation program (rESWT+RP) is more effective than sham rESWT+RP for acute hamstring muscle complex injury type 3b: a randomized, controlled trial.

Crupnik J (2025) · British medical bulletin

147.

Comparison of the efficacy of 12 interventions in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers: a network meta-analysis.

Hu X (2025) · PeerJ

148.

The efficacy of ultrasound for plantar fasciitis, a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Li X (2025) · Annals of medicine

149.

Heat and acupuncture restore mobility in knee osteoarthritis (HARMOKnee): A pragmatic integrated care, randomized controlled study.

Ng HP (2025) · Complementary therapies in medicine

150.

Comparative efficacy and acceptability of different intensity levels of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in adults with plantar heel pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Zhao P (2025) · PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation

151.

Comparative Effectiveness of Ultrasound Versus Low-Level Laser in de Quervain's Tenosynovitis.

Farooq M (2025) · Alternative therapies in health and medicine

152.

Regular postexercise sauna bathing does not improve heart rate variability: A multi-arm randomized controlled trial.

Lee E (2025) · Physiological reports

153.

Dentinal Defects, Cracks, and Fracture Generation during Ultrasonic Root-End Preparation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of In Vivo Studies.

Veronica AK (2025) · Journal of endodontics

154.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) as Part of the Treatment of Delayed Healing of Bone Fracture.

Vetterling P (2025) · Zeitschrift fur Orthopadie und Unfallchirurgie · n=154

155.

Acute pain impairs retention of locomotor learning, regardless of the context of retention testing.

Jackson SR (2025) · Journal of neurophysiology

156.

The Changing Landscape of Chronic Pancreatitis Research Trajectories Over Two Decades: A Global Meta-Analysis Using MeSH Terms.

Jiang LY (2026) · United European gastroenterology journal

157.

Efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy for post-stroke spasticity and dose-response analysis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Yang SM (2025) · European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine

158.

Can lasers help reduce post-root-canal pain more than ultrasonics?

Mishra L (2026) · Evidence-based dentistry

159.

Effects of Heat Exposure on Kynurenine Pathway Metabolism-Comparison Between Exertional and Exogenous Heating of the Human Body.

Louvrou V (2025) · Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)

160.

The effects of vitamin D combined with thermotherapy and resistance exercise on inflammatory factors, thyroid hormones and MSTN in elderly patients with sarcopenia.

Zhao C (2025) · Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

161.

Investigation of predictors of pain relief with high-frequency repetitive motor cortex transcranial magnetic stimulation among people with fibromyalgia.

Lins CC (2025) · Neurophysiologie clinique = Clinical neurophysiology

162.

The Added Value of Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Treatment on Breast Recovery Following Aspiration of Breast Abscesses in Lactating Women.

Li J (2025) · Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · n=60

163.

How the presence of a dog and types of interaction affect physiological responses to experimental heat pain induction in healthy humans - a randomized controlled study.

Fuglsang-Damgaard LH (2025) · Physiology & behavior

164.

Effects of Low-Intensity Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy and Low-Intensity Laser Therapy on Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Erdinç F (2026) · American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation

165.

Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on endothelial function: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Rubin Neto LJ (2025) · Physiotherapy theory and practice

166.

Five-Year Outcomes of Water Vapor Therapy vs Doxazosin, Finasteride, and Combination Therapy for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Cohort Data From the Medical Therapy of Prostatic Symptoms Trial.

Long B (2025) · Urology

167.

Targeted photocatalytic whitening with LED/laser-activated hydrogen peroxide gels containing nitrogen-doped TiO2: A multi-study clinical analysis of efficacy, sensitivity, and energy optimization.

Pereira TC (2025) · Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy

168.

A study of extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy combined with exercise rehabilitation in postoperative patients with PCI for CHD.

Wan Q (2025) · Scientific reports · n=74

169.

Sasanlimab plus BCG in BCG-naive, high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: the randomized phase 3 CREST trial.

Shore ND (2025) · Nature medicine

170.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Chronic Adhesive Capsulitis in Type 2 Diabetics: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

Reno C (2025) · Physical therapy

171.

Low-dose ASA therapy does not alter core or skin temperature during hot-dry or warm-humid heat stress (PSU HEAT project).

Fisher KG (2025) · Physiological reports

172.

Influence of heat therapy and/or vibration on nonspecific back pain: A prospective, open, randomized, controlled, parallel-group clinical study.

Hartard M (2025) · La Tunisie medicale

173.

Effects of combined active knee exercise and high-intensity continuous ultrasound on infrapatellar fat pad stiffness and gliding in healthy participants: A randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial.

Ikeda N (2026) · Journal of biomechanics

174.

[Clinical study on heat-sensitive moxibustion for reducing toxicity and enhancing efficacy in adjuvant tumor chemotherapy].

Yu T (2026) · Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research

175.

Pregnancy Outcomes of Adenomyosis after Treatment with High-intensity Focused Ultrasound: a Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.

Liang J (2026) · Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · n=3,730

176.

Physiotherapy Compared With Shockwave Therapy for the Treatment of Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Rich A (2025) · The American journal of sports medicine

177.

Comparison of multiple non-invasive neuromodulation strategies for depressive episodes in major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Wang P (2026) · Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences

178.

[Intraoperative Shock-Wave Application in Scaphoid Reconstruction with Non-Vascularised Bone Grafts: A Randomised Controlled Trial].

Mühldorfer-Fodor M (2025) · Handchirurgie, Mikrochirurgie, plastische Chirurgie : Organ der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Handchirurgie : Organ der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Mikrochirurgie der Peripheren Nerven und Gefasse : Organ der V... · n=93

179.

Immediate effects of two modes of shortwave diathermy in chronic low back pain: randomized controlled clinical trial.

Espinoza ANC (2025) · Pain management

180.

Safety and Efficacy of Shockwave Therapy for Myogenous Temporomandibular Disorders: Early Post-Treatment Results.

Law KW (2025) · International dental journal

181.

Efficacy and safety of hyperthermic intraperitoneal intraoperative chemotherapy plus surgery in advanced ovarian cancer patients.

Yanan C (2025) · The Journal of international medical research · n=200

182.

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori for prevention of aspirin-associated peptic ulcer bleeding in adults over 65 years: the HEAT RCT.

Hawkey CJ (2025) · Health technology assessment (Winchester, England)

183.

[A randomized positive parallel-controlled clinical study of Dibai Yijing Formula for the treatment of male infertility with essence deficiency in the kidney and damp-heat type in the essence chamber].

Wu S (2024) · Zhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology

184.

Immediate efficacy of low-intensity focused ultrasound versus planar ultrasound in patients with myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Chen Y (2025) · BMC musculoskeletal disorders

185.

Potassium quantification and sensory analysis in plant food cooking processes in heart disease patients.

Haider JCMC (2025) · Clinical nutrition ESPEN

186.

A Randomized, Investigator-Blinded, Split-Face, Controlled Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Satisfaction of a Topical Product Containing Blueberry Extract and Pro-Xylane Combined With Micro-Focused Ultrasound for Anti-aging.

Jiang X (2025) · Journal of cosmetic dermatology

187.

[Clinical effects of extracorporeal shock wave combined with complex decongestive therapy in the treatment of lower limb lymphedema after cervical cancer surgery].

Zhou JP (2025) · Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · n=64

188.

Waterproof casts for the management of upper limb fractures in children : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Badhe N (2025) · The bone & joint journal

189.

Efficacy of high-energy, focused ESWT in treatment of lumbar facet joint pain: a randomized sham-controlled trial.

Nedelka T (2025) · International journal of surgery (London, England)

190.

Efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines combined with high-intensity focused ultrasound for patients with uterine fibroids: A meta-analysis with core herbs exploration.

Huang YT (2025) · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

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