ProtocolEngine.io

Cold exposure

Also known as: cold shower, cold plunge, deliberate cold exposure

AAdequate Evidence190 studies referenced

Brief immersion in cold water (11°C or below) for dopamine release, stress resilience, and metabolic activation.

Duration

1-5 minutes

Frequency

3-5x per week

Equipment

Cold plunge or ice bath (optional)

How to do it

  1. 1End your shower with 30-120 seconds of cold water
  2. 2Or: immerse in cold plunge/ice bath at 10-15°C for 1-3 min
  3. 3Focus on slow breathing through the discomfort
  4. 4Do NOT warm up artificially after — let your body reheat naturally
  5. 5Progress: increase duration over weeks

Safety notes

Avoid if you have cardiac conditions. Start with short durations. Never do alone in deep water.

Studies on Cold exposure (190)

1.

Adapted cold shower as a potential treatment for depression

Shevchuk NA (2008) · Med Hypotheses

2.

The Effect of Cold Showering on Health and Work: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Buijze GA, et al. (2016) · PLoS One · n=3,018

3.

Melatonin treatment for neonatal encephalopathy.

Hurley T (2026) · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

4.

Cold-Water Immersion Impairs Power Earlier than Strength Through Time-Dependent Reductions in Intramuscular Temperature in Human Dorsiflexor Muscles.

Malekzadeh R (2026) · Medicine and science in sports and exercise

5.

Third-generation cryotherapy reduces time to surgery and local complications in patients with ankle fractures: a prospective randomised controlled trial.

Lanzetti RM (2026) · Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research

6.

Effects of Intracanal Cryotherapy Applications on Postoperative Pain After Nonsurgical Root Canal Retreatment in Teeth with Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Sümbüllü M (2026) · Nigerian journal of clinical practice

7.

Impact of cold air exposure on respiratory physiology during light-to-moderate physical activity in healthy adults.

Chapman CL (2026) · Physiological reports

8.

Regular Cold-Water Immersion Following HIIT Does Not Affect Intramuscular Adaptation Markers, Inflammatory Profile or Endurance Performance.

Malta ES (2026) · Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports

9.

The Effects of Nitrate on Brown Fat Fraction and Activation in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised, Double-Blind and Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial.

Neal RA (2026) · European journal of sport science

10.

Intralesional Interferon Alfa-2b Versus Cryotherapy for Common Warts on the Hands and Feet: A Randomized, Open-Label, Controlled Trial.

Jin Y (2026) · Journal of cosmetic dermatology

11.

Comparative analysis of different treatment modalities for management of cutaneous warts: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Irshad T (2026) · Medicine

12.

On-scene selective brain cooling in ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest: pilot results from the PRINCESS2 randomised trial.

Dillenbeck E (2026) · Critical care (London, England)

13.

Efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis for randomized controlled trials.

Cai L (2026) · Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer

14.

Maternal prenatal infection and childhood leukaemia: a Childhood Cancer and Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC) meta-analysis.

Piedvache A (2025) · International journal of epidemiology

15.

Cold stress impacts cognitive performance in healthy volunteers: results from a randomized, controlled, cross-over study.

Falla M (2026) · Scientific reports

16.

Cryotherapy in Relieving Arteriovenous Fistula Cannulation-Related Pain: Non- Randomised Crossover Trail.

Aboushika P (2025) · Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia

17.

Efficacy of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Combined With Cryotherapy Compared to Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Alone in Treating Limited Patchy Alopecia Areata of the Scalp and Face: A Prospective, Randomized, Within-Subject Controlled Trial.

Heidari S (2026) · Journal of cosmetic dermatology

18.

Emotional intelligence training improves stress regulation and performance in high-stress occupations.

King JB (2026) · Scientific reports

19.

Electrophysical resources for the treatment of acute perineal pain after vaginal delivery: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Beleza ACS (2026) · The journal of pain

20.

Evaluating the effect of cryotherapy and low-level laser therapy on postoperative pain and quality of life in patients with symptomatic apical periodontitis- a randomized controlled clinical study.

KungumaSupraja K (2026) · Lasers in medical science · n=90

21.

Cryotherapy and Muscle Function in Immediate Return-to-Play Scenarios.

Surenkok O (2026) · Sportverletzung Sportschaden : Organ der Gesellschaft fur Orthopadisch-Traumatologische Sportmedizin · n=27

22.

Effects of cold water immersion vs body cryotherapy on delayed onset muscle soreness and jump performance following acute strenuous exercise in physically active participants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Liu S (2026) · Medicine

23.

[Effectiveness of using non-drug technologies to increase stress resistance in persons with extreme work profile and susceptible for professional burnout].

Korchazhkina NB (2025) · Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii, i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kultury

24.

Effect of pneumatic and cold compression on muscle performance and recovery in combat sports athletes.

Trybulski R (2025) · Scientific reports

25.

Effect of intrapulpal cryoanesthesia on intraoperative pain during root canal treatment in mandibular molars: a double blinded randomized control trial.

Eldafrawi S (2025) · Scientific reports

26.

Effectiveness of cryotherapy on pain intensity, range of motion, swelling and function in the postoperative care of musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Miranda JP (2026) · British journal of sports medicine

27.

Cryotherapy on exfoliative cytological changes for oral mucositis in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: A randomized control trial.

Erika KA (2025) · Narra J · n=25

28.

First-In-Human Study of Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of CPNE7-Derived Peptide (Selcopintide) for Dentin Hypersensitivity.

Lee MJ (2025) · Clinical and translational science · n=24

29.

A multicentre pragmatic randomized controlled trial comparing 50% salicylic acid, liquid nitrogen, 5% 5-fluorouracil cream, and 5% imiquimod cream in previously treated plantar warts. The VRAIE (VeRrues plAntaIres en villE) study.

Chanal J (2025) · Annales de dermatologie et de venereologie

30.

[Phrenic Nerve Cryotherapy for Preventing Prolonged Air Leak During VATS Lobectomy].

Meng Q (2025) · Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer

31.

Effect of whole-body cryotherapy on body balance in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Staszkiewicz R (2025) · Acta of bioengineering and biomechanics · n=51

32.

Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions on arteriovenous fistula cannulation-related pain in patients receiving hemodialysis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Sharifnia AM (2025) · International journal of nursing studies

33.

Randomized-Controlled Trial Comparing Safety and Efficacy of Repairing Balm vs Topical Antimicrobial for Post-Procedural Wounds.

Lynde CW (2025) · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD

34.

Biomarkers of Cold Strain and Physical Performance Decrements during Submaximal Exercise in Cold Environments with Brief Rewarming.

Roberts BM (2025) · Medicine and science in sports and exercise

35.

Night-shift work and susceptibility to infectious diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Loef B (2025) · Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health

36.

Efficacy of Hand Cooling and Compression in Preventing Taxane-Induced Neuropathy: The POLAR Randomized Clinical Trial.

Michel LL (2025) · JAMA oncology

37.

Extreme surgery using the hypothermic perfusion technique for conventionally unresectable abdominal malignant tumours: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Li L (2025) · European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology

38.

Bimekizumab efficacy and safety through 3 years in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: long-term results from the BE RADIANT phase IIIb trial open-label extension period.

Warren RB (2025) · The British journal of dermatology

39.

Influence of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F and Caulis Sinomenii with traditional Chinese medicine directed drug delivery on CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and joint function in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Yang G (2026) · Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

40.

[Effective management of biological age and quality of life in patients based on the integrated use of pathogenetically focused medical rehabilitation methods].

Vasilieva ES (2025) · Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii, i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kultury

41.

Adverse effects of scalp cooling for the reduction of chemotherapy-induced alopecia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kearney CA (2025) · Breast cancer research and treatment

42.

Acute Cold Exposure Improves Glucose Tolerance and Induces Beta-Cell Secretion Response Linked to Lipid Utilization in Young Male with Obesity.

Chamorro R (2025) · Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association

43.

The effect of oral cryotherapy on taste alteration, appetite level, risk of malnutrition and quality of life in patients undergoing chemotherapy: A randomized controlled trial.

Pehlivan Köksal Z (2025) · European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society

44.

Economic evaluation of thermal ablation compared to cryotherapy and loop diathermy in a screen-and-treat approach to cervical cancer, Zambia.

Fuady A (2025) · Bulletin of the World Health Organization

45.

Association between hyperglycemia and the development of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy among patients with breast cancer in the control trial.

Klahr MP (2025) · Breast cancer research : BCR

46.

Multi-institutional, randomized, controlled trial to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a reusable, self-contained cryotherapy delivery device.

Zuniga R (2025) · Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer

47.

A systematic review and network meta-analysis of preservation techniques of donor kidneys.

Ma J (2025) · Surgery

48.

Enhancing patient outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with continuous cryotherapy: A Nursing-Focused Randomized Control Trial.

Tran LTK (2025) · International journal of orthopaedic and trauma nursing

49.

Pre-cooling alters pacing profiles resulting in no additional benefit to 20-km self-paced maximal cycling time-trial performance in heat acclimated endurance athletes.

Ramos JAP (2025) · Journal of science and medicine in sport

50.

Dexmedetomidine as a Promising Neuroprotective Sedoanalgesic in Neonatal Therapeutic Hypothermia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cocchi E (2025) · Neonatology

51.

Preclinical and clinical evaluation of a novel TRPA1 antagonist LY3526318.

Broad LM (2025) · Pain

52.

Cryo-Induced Hypoalgesia: The Effects of an Acute Cryochamber Exposure on Pain Perception-A Randomised Controlled Cross-Over Trial.

Tomschi F (2025) · European journal of pain (London, England)

53.

Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and Actinic Keratosis Burden: The VAXAK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Wenande E (2025) · JAMA dermatology

54.

Whole-Body Hypothermia for Neonatal Encephalopathy in Preterm Infants 33 to 35 Weeks' Gestation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Faix RG (2025) · JAMA pediatrics

55.

Noncryopexy versus cryopexy treatment during scleral buckling: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Chen KY (2025) · Eye (London, England)

56.

Head mild hypothermia treatment after successful mechanical thrombectomy in anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion acute cerebral infarction.

Zhang W (2026) · European journal of medical research

57.

Comparative efficacy of photodynamic therapy versus conventional therapies for actinic keratosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Suwait ASDA (2026) · Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy

58.

Feet Cooling As a Preventive Strategy against Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Advanced Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Asadi F (2026) · Clinical breast cancer

59.

A French multicenter randomized controlled trial of hypothermic oxygenated perfusion in extended criteria donor liver transplantation.

Lesurtel M (2026) · American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · n=131

60.

Evaluation of Postoperative Pain with Cryotherapy after Single-visit Endodontics in Teeth with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis and Apical Periodontitis.

Swetha C (2025) · The journal of contemporary dental practice

61.

Impact of mild therapeutic hypothermia on plasma markers of inflammation and apoptosis in non-resuscitated patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock.

Freund A (2025) · Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society

62.

Limited efficacy of cold and heat therapy as adjunctive treatments for local and functional outcomes of Bothrops atrox snakebite envenomation: A randomized clinical trial.

de Almeida MC (2025) · PLoS neglected tropical diseases

63.

A randomized-controlled trial comparing relative effects of mindfulness-based interoceptive exposure focus versus distraction on cold-pressor induced pain.

Baum C (2025) · Behaviour research and therapy

64.

Oral cryotherapy by Kangfuxin for prophylaxis of oral mucositis in patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Chen D (2025) · Medicine · n=86

65.

The impact of using cold irrigation on postoperative endodontic pain and substance P level: a randomized clinical trial.

Sharaf RMA (2026) · Odontology

66.

Sex-Related Prognosis of VA-ECMO-Treated Cardiogenic Shock: A Post Hoc Analysis of the HYPO-ECMO Trial.

Baudry G (2025) · Circulation. Heart failure

67.

Cold Water Immersion Does Not Enhance Recovery and Performance After High-Intensity Interval Dorsiflexion Exercise.

Richards AJ (2025) · Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports

68.

The Effect of Different Temperature Management Strategies in Adult Sepsis Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Hu Y (2025) · Therapeutic hypothermia and temperature management · n=1,843

69.

Effect of Exercise Withdrawal on Stress Reactivity to Repeated Mental and Physical Challenge Tasks.

Weinstein AA (2025) · Biopsychosocial science and medicine

70.

A Pilot Randomized Control Trial of Holding During Hypothermia and Effects on Maternal and Infant Salivary Cortisol Levels.

Fox L (2025) · Advances in neonatal care : official journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses

71.

Fluid restriction for term infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia-a randomized controlled trial.

Ananthan A (2025) · Journal of tropical pediatrics

72.

A meta-analysis of the utility of cryotherapy for preventing peripheral neuropathy among breast cancer patients receiving paclitaxel and nab-paclitaxel.

Ashok Kumar P (2025) · Breast cancer research and treatment

73.

Comparative Efficacy of Cryosurgery Versus Alternative Techniques for Intraoral Depigmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Shirazian S (2026) · Pigment cell & melanoma research

74.

Long-term efficacy of photobiomodulation in burning mouth syndrome: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Lu C (2026) · Journal of dentistry

75.

Cold-water recovery between bouts of simulated rugby sevens matches in the heat.

Skein M (2025) · Journal of thermal biology · n=1

76.

The effect of local heat and cold application on the management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Yukselturk Simsek N (2025) · European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society

77.

Analgesic effects and neural oscillatory mechanisms of music-synchronized virtual reality intervention.

Yang QH (2025) · Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation

78.

Outcome Following Complete and Partial Pulpotomy in Managing Cariously Exposed Mature Permanent Molars With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A 5-Year Follow-Up of a Randomised Clinical Trial.

Ramani A (2025) · International endodontic journal

79.

Effectiveness of cold-water immersion vs. massage in reducing delayed-onset muscle soreness and enhancing recovery following CrossFit® Murph Workout: Randomized rial.

Pereira GS (2025) · PloS one

80.

Evaluation of Post-Endodontic Pain Reduction Using Intracanal Cryotherapy in Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis.

Bashir AF (2025) · Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc

81.

Practical Approaches for Seborrheic Keratosis Treatment: Curettage Versus 532-nm Lithium Borate Laser Versus Cryotherapy: A Prospective Interventional Study.

Timmermann V (2025) · Lasers in surgery and medicine

82.

Pre-Stress Exposure and Psychophysiological Responses During Cycling.

Antonio DS (2025) · Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress

83.

Head-and-neck cooling has a greater effect on motor performance in unpredictable tasks than in constant and predictable ones for men with multiple sclerosis: A randomized crossover study.

Dauksaite G (2025) · Multiple sclerosis and related disorders

84.

Meta-Analysis and Clinical Guidance of Oxygenated Hypothermic Machine Perfusion for Kidney Transplantation.

Jia D (2025) · Transplantation proceedings

85.

The effect of online social support on experimental pain.

Karos K (2025) · The journal of pain

86.

Impact of acute caffeine intake on local tolerance to cold before and after total sleep deprivation.

de Lorgeril B (2025) · Experimental physiology

87.

Whole-body cryotherapy can reduce the inflammatory response in humans: a meta-analysis based on 11 randomized controlled trials.

He J (2025) · Scientific reports

88.

NICHD Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Score in Term Infants With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Shankaran S (2025) · JAMA pediatrics

89.

Cryoblebbing with 5-fluorouracil versus cryoblebbing with melanocyte keratinocyte transplant procedure or cryoblebbing alone in treatment of stable vitiligo.

Moftah NH (2025) · Archives of dermatological research · n=20

90.

Cryotherapy in joint arthroplasty rehabilitation: Effects on pain, analgesic consumption, blood loss, and range of motion.

Xie Y (2026) · Medicine

91.

Lumbar Medial Branch Cryoneurolysis Improves Pain and Function Versus Radiofrequency Ablation for Chronic Low Back Pain: 12-Month Randomized Pilot Study.

Ferrillo MG (2025) · Pain physician

92.

Does Time to Achieve a Targeted Body Temperature Matter for Survivors of Cardiac Arrest? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Alotaibi KS (2026) · Critical care medicine

93.

Efficacy of Whole-Body Cryotherapy in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Saidane O (2026) · Journal of integrative and complementary medicine

94.

Robustness of the cold pressor test: Study across geographic locations on pain perception and tolerance.

Garay MB (2025) · Scandinavian journal of pain

95.

Intralesional acyclovir versus cryotherapy in treatment of plantar warts: A randomized controlled trial.

Azzazi Y (2026) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

96.

Interventions for anal canal intraepithelial neoplasia.

Pedersen TB (2025) · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

97.

Intra-arterial selective hypothermia for acute ischemic stroke neuroprotection: A multicenter pilot trial in China.

Huang ZX (2025) · PLoS medicine

98.

Preoperative knee joint hypothermia reduces inflammation and recovery time and increases range of motion after total knee arthroplasty: A randomized controlled trial.

Pieri L (2025) · Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA

99.

Cryotherapy in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

Dias RF (2025) · Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain

100.

Sociodemographic Characteristics and Behavioral Outcomes in Infants With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Treated With Therapeutic Hypothermia.

Taketa ES (2025) · Pediatric neurology

101.

Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury: A Meta-analysis.

Can C (2025) · American journal of perinatology

102.

Salvage Radiotherapy Following Nonradiotherapy Ablative Techniques for Primary Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Mohamad O (2025) · European urology focus

103.

Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Erythropoietin Combined with Hypothermia Therapy in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

He M (2026) · Molecular biotechnology

104.

Comparative Efficacy of Intralesional Steroid Injections vs Cryotherapy for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata.

Akram S (2025) · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD

105.

Hypothermia as an adjunctive therapy to percutaneous intervention after ST-elevation myocardial infarction-Effects on regional myocardial contractility.

Queiroz LM (2025) · Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

106.

Influence of Ambient Temperature on Resting Energy Expenditure in Metabolically Healthy Males and Females.

Henkel S (2025) · The Journal of nutrition

107.

The Impact of Cold-Water Immersion on Post-Match Recovery in Trained Soccer Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Veen J (2026) · Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports

108.

Effect of cold compression and ice therapy on muscle recovery after plyometric exercise: A randomized crossover trial.

Trybulski R (2025) · Journal of bodywork and movement therapies

109.

Thermal conditions modulate urban forest therapy outcomes: a meta-analytic review.

Song D (2025) · Scientific reports

110.

Long-term Follow-up After Hypothermic Oxygenated Machine Perfusion in DCD Liver Transplantation: Results of a Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial (DHOPE-DCD).

van Rijn R (2025) · Annals of surgery

111.

Effect of Exercise Intensity on Active Rewarming From Outdoor Cold-Water Immersion.

Peterson MN (2026) · Military medicine

112.

The Effect of Temperature Chain Management Scheme During Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery Under General Anesthesia.

Pan L (2026) · Therapeutic hypothermia and temperature management

113.

Mild Hypothermia After Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Jeong JH (2025) · Stroke

114.

Renal resistance during hypothermic machine perfusion: A scoping review of variability and determinants, with a meta-analysis of predictive value for transplant outcomes.

Fonseca Buitrago L (2025) · Transplantation reviews (Orlando, Fla.)

115.

The Analgesic Effect of Forced Air Cooling During High-Intensity, High-Frequency, Parallel Ultrasound Beams Treatment.

Zhao S (2026) · Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]

116.

Oral Cryotherapy for the Prevention of Oral Mucositis in Children With Hematolymphoid Malignancies Receiving IV Methotrexate-Based Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Gupta A (2025) · Pediatric blood & cancer

117.

Evaluation of a lightweight water circulation cooling blanket for the prevention of exertional heat stroke.

Li X (2025) · Journal of thermal biology

118.

Cryoanalgesia Plus Nerve Block Strategies versus Cryoanalgesia Alone in Patients with Pectus Excavatum Undergoing the Nuss Procedure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Santos K (2025) · European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie · n=161

119.

Effects of cold-water immersion on energy expenditure, ad-libitum energy intake and appetite in healthy adults.

Grigg MJ (2025) · Physiology & behavior · n=10

120.

Ice Packing Versus Warm Sitz Baths for Post-hemorrhoidectomy Pain Management: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Chen PC (2025) · Diseases of the colon and rectum

121.

Efficacy and safety of topical methotrexate gel 1% in combination with microneedling vs. cryotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous warts: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Hofny ERM (2025) · Clinical and experimental dermatology

122.

The Effect of Novel Cryotherapy Technique on Postoperative Pain for Pulpotomy in Permanent Molars with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Gürler K (2025) · Journal of endodontics

123.

Microwave therapy for the treatment of resistant plantar warts: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Haase O (2025) · Archives of dermatological research · n=32

124.

Hot- and Cold-Water Immersion Do Not Alter Performance or Perceived Fatigability but Improve Muscle Activation, Cardiac Vagal Modulation, and Cardiorespiratory Recovery After Distinct Running Protocols.

Dutra YM (2025) · Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports

125.

A randomized controlled pilot trial of low and high arousal resilience interventions for depressive symptoms.

Epel ES (2025) · Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine

126.

Ablation plus immunotherapy versus immunotherapy alone in patients of advanced NSCLC who develop oligo-residual disease after anti-PD-1/L1 therapy (BOOSTER): a randomized phase 2 trial.

Yang S (2025) · Signal transduction and targeted therapy · n=65

127.

Early Electroencephalography and Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalography for the Prediction of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Neonates with Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Test Accuracy Meta-Analysis.

Kumar Krishnegowda V (2026) · Neonatology

128.

Mild induced hypothermia in patients with infarct-related cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest: insights from the CULPRIT-SHOCK trial.

Zeymer-von Metnitz D (2026) · European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care

129.

Effects of boysenberry on postprandial energy metabolism in healthy adults: A randomized controlled crossover trial.

Furuuchi R (2025) · PloS one · n=19

130.

Randomised trial reveals a mismatch between preferences for and hormonal responses to anthropogenic light colour temperatures.

Guenat S (2025) · PloS one · n=77

131.

Efficacy of Interventions to Reduce Arteriovenous Fistula Cannulation-Related Pain in Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ozen N (2025) · Journal of renal care

132.

Machine perfusion of liver grafts: hypothermic versus normothermic versus normothermic regional perfusion.

Patrono D (2025) · International journal of surgery (London, England)

133.

Cold- and hot-water immersion are not more effective than placebo for the recovery of physical performance and training adaptations in national level soccer players.

Gustafsson J (2025) · European journal of applied physiology

134.

Combined treatment with mesenchymal stem cells and therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: a phase 1/2 randomized trial.

Wada K (2025) · Scientific reports · n=7

135.

Hypothermic Oxygenated Perfusion in Extended Criteria Donor Kidney Transplantation-A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Dajti G (2025) · Clinical transplantation

136.

Cryolipolysis and associated health outcomes, adverse events, and satisfaction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ravindran R (2025) · Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity

137.

Efficacy of pro-yellow laser versus cryotherapy in treating cutaneous lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma: a comparative study.

İlchan S (2025) · Archives of dermatological research

138.

Cryoanalgesia for Pain Management After Pectus Excavatum Repair (COPPER) in Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Bastianello M (2025) · Paediatric anaesthesia

139.

Experimental hypothermia by cold air: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial.

Helland AM (2025) · Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine

140.

Comparison of Therapeutic Effects of Different Rehabilitation Methods on Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Jin Z (2025) · Orthopaedic surgery

141.

Impact of cold waves on diabetes-related morbidity and mortality: a meta-analysis.

Chung S (2025) · Frontiers in public health

142.

Grey matter volume reduction and its association with brain-enriched blood biomarkers in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors.

Hollmén CC (2025) · Scientific reports · n=110

143.

Extreme temperature and preterm birth: Time windows and geographical disparities.

Ge MW (2026) · Early human development

144.

Auditory Impairment in Infants with Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Fernandes C (2026) · Neonatology

145.

Neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with neonatal encephalopathy receiving hydrocortisone during therapeutic hypothermia: follow-up of the extended-CORTISoL trial.

Kovacs K (2025) · Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association

146.

Therapeutic Hypothermia in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Lee HC (2026) · The Journal of pediatrics

147.

Efficacy and safety of sequential treatment with cryotherapy followed by 1% topical tirbanibulin for actinic keratoses in organ transplant recipients: A randomized clinical trial.

Morelló-Vicente A (2025) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

148.

Clinical Use of Zinc in Treatment of Human Papillomavirus Cervical Infection and Viral Warts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Shafiei M (2025) · Reviews in medical virology · n=2,728

149.

Climate Conditions, Weather Changes, and Air Pollutants and Atopic Dermatitis: A Meta-Analysis.

Park M (2025) · JAMA dermatology

150.

Effect of gum chewing and cold therapy on postoperative cesarean women's self-assessed pain levels and narcotics use: a comparative study.

Hables RMM (2025) · BMC pregnancy and childbirth

151.

Removal of skin tags: scissor excision versus non-ablative 532nm-LBO-laser in a randomized intraindividual controlled observer-blinded clinical trial : Laser is not always better.

Haase O (2025) · Archives of dermatological research · n=68

152.

Intravascular vs. surface cooling in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients receiving hypothermia after hospital arrival: a post hoc analysis of the TTM2 trial.

Awad A (2025) · Intensive care medicine

153.

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Cryolipolysis in Reducing Local Adipose Tissue in Women-A Randomized Pilot Study.

Faruga-Lewicka W (2025) · Journal of cosmetic dermatology

154.

Risk factors for delayed graft function in patients with kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Yao Z (2025) · BMJ open

155.

Prognosis of refractory cardiogenic shock in de-novo versus acute-on-chronic heart failure: Insights from the HYPO-ECMO trial.

Baudry G (2025) · Journal of critical care

156.

Efficacy of Cryoneurolysis on Chronic Pain in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Sham Trial.

Nygaard NB (2025) · Anesthesiology

157.

Effectiveness of carbon dioxide cryotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Tilahun Zewdu F (2025) · PLoS neglected tropical diseases

158.

Interrater reliability in the assessment of oral mucositis among patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy: a multicenter comparison between specialized dentists and registered nurses.

Ibrahim A (2025) · BMC cancer

159.

Functional outcomes of hypothermic robot assisted radical prostatectomy using BELLOCOOL in a randomized controlled trial.

Han JH (2025) · Scientific reports · n=200

160.

Upper and lower limb cryotherapy as a preventive strategy for taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

da Silva AMP (2026) · Expert review of anticancer therapy

161.

Comparison of the Efficacy of Combined Intralesional Steroid and Cryotherapy <em>Versus</em> Intralesional Steroid Alone in the Treatment of Keloid.

Abbasi S (2025) · Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP

162.

Investigation of the Effect of Second-Generation Virtual Reality Interventions on Hot and Cold Executive Functions in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Study.

Güler EC (2026) · Games for health journal

163.

Inferior vena cava thrombosis associated with endovascular cooling catheters: impact on clinical outcomes.

Laverdure M (2025) · Resuscitation

164.

Effects of cryo plus ultrasound therapy on pain and functioning in patients with acute long head of the biceps tendinopathy: a proof-of-concept study.

Marotta N (2025) · The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness

165.

Maximizing sleep quality and well-being in female athletes: the role of the menstrual cycle and whole-body cryostimulation.

Messaoudène L (2025) · Cryobiology

166.

PDT combined with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy is superior to PDT alone in Actinic Keratosis.

Meng X (2025) · Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy

167.

Use of Thermal Ablation in Low-Resource Settings: Experience From Three Multicenter Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trials.

Conzuelo Rodriguez G (2025) · JCO global oncology

168.

Hourly level analysis of the effects of temperature extremes on emergency ambulance calls.

Zheng H (2025) · Journal of global health

169.

The impact of therapeutic hypothermia on developmental outcomes in lower-middle income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a health equity lens.

Hawkins CC (2025) · Pediatrics and neonatology

170.

Physical modalities for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a network meta-analysis.

Lan X (2025) · Aging clinical and experimental research

171.

Evaluating the mechanism of action behind controlled hypothermic preservation of donor hearts: A randomized pilot study.

Razavi AA (2025) · The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation

172.

Skin cooling reduces pain associated with peripheral nerve block to the face.

Masui K (2025) · Journal of anesthesia

173.

Effects of cold-water immersion on health and wellbeing: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cain T (2025) · PloS one

174.

Extensive cervical lesion and treatment outcomes in women with HIV/HPV co-infection.

Mngqibisa R (2024) · AIDS research and therapy

175.

A semi-randomised control trial assessing psychophysiological effects of breathwork and cold immersion.

Fox N (2025) · Scientific reports

176.

Eutherian mammals exhibit a greater capacity for cold acclimation than marsupials and birds: a comparative analysis.

Del Basto F (2025) · The Journal of experimental biology

177.

Cryotherapy following total knee replacement.

Aggarwal A (2025) · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

178.

Effectiveness of cold application combined with progressive muscle relaxation in migraine without aura: A randomized controlled trial.

Kisa EP (2025) · Medicine

179.

Comparative effectiveness of rehabilitation protocols for hamstring injuries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abdulridha KH (2025) · Journal of bodywork and movement therapies

180.

Interventions for Bowen's disease: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Foerster Y (2025) · Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · n=672

181.

Altered Blood Pressure Reflexes in Women With Endometriosis.

Williams AC (2025) · Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)

182.

Compressive Cold Application Effect on Pain Level in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Buldan Ö (2025) · Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses

183.

Renal resistance trajectories during hypothermic machine perfusion in kidneys donated after circulatory death: Associations with donor characteristics and posttransplant outcomes-An analysis of COMPARE trial data.

Verstraeten L (2025) · American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons

184.

Cryolipolysis for Submental Fat Reduction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Do K (2025) · Facial plastic surgery : FPS · n=206

185.

No acceleration of recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage after cold or hot water immersion in women: A randomised controlled trial.

Wellauer V (2025) · PloS one

186.

A supplementary training program integrating cold exposure, breathing exercises and mindfulness as a complementary treatment for neuropsychological aspects of multiple sclerosis - a pilot interventional study.

Slezáková D (2025) · Multiple sclerosis and related disorders

187.

Efficacy and safety of photobiomodulation combined with oral cryotherapy on oral mucosa pain in patients with burning mouth syndrome: a multi-institutional, randomized, controlled trial.

Lu C (2025) · BMC medicine

188.

Therapeutic Efficacy of Craniocerebral Hypothermia Helmet Versus Arctic Sun Surface Cooling System in Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome: A Prospective Comparative Study.

Nadir A (2026) · Therapeutic hypothermia and temperature management

189.

Outcomes from the Victorian Healthy Homes Program: a randomised control trial of home energy upgrades.

Page K (2025) · BMJ open

190.

The role of tranexamic acid and cryotherapy on acute postoperative pain and blood loss: a randomized controlled study following total knee arthroplasty.

Sağlam S (2025) · European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie

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