Also known as: creatine supplementation
Latest evidence update: 2026-06-27
Strongest in Sample size (95). Held back by Recency (33).
Solid mix of RCTs with some methodological gaps.
Confirmed across many independent studies with significant findings.
Tens of thousands of participants pooled across studies.
Mostly aligned, with some divergence.
Mostly pre-2020 research; updates may be needed.
Effect-size tagged on 395 of 400 claims for this supplement. Our research updates daily; remaining claims are pending re-processing.
Areas where research points to a consistent direction of effect. The strength of evidence is graded; the size of the effect is not quantified.
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Specific salts and chemical forms studied in research. Bioavailability, dose, and clinical use case differ across forms. See each form's page for form-specific evidence.
ProtocolEngine provides general health information based on published research. This is not medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement or health protocol.
Increases muscle strength and lean muscle mass when combined with resistance training in adults of all ages
Improves anaerobic power and repeated sprint performance, particularly in athletic activities
Reduces muscle damage markers and supports faster recovery after intense exercise
Significantly increases remission rates in people with depression symptoms
Supports brain function recovery and reduces oxidative stress following traumatic brain injury