Also known as: vegetarian, vegetarian diet, lacto-ovo vegetarian
Latest evidence update: 2026-12-11
Strongest in Sample size (78). Held back by Replication (39).
Solid mix of RCTs with some methodological gaps.
Some independent replication, statistical precision uneven.
Tens of thousands of participants pooled across studies.
Mixed direction across studies.
Most studies are recent (last 2-3 years).
No quantified outcomes yet. Once we have studies with measurable endpoints, you will see per-outcome magnitude here.
Vegetarians and vegans were similarly associated with orthorexia nervosa symptoms compared with omnivores (no significant difference between vegetarian and vegan groups).
Adults following vegetarian and/or vegan diets had moderately higher orthorexia nervosa symptoms compared to omnivores.
Mindfulness was positively associated with reduced meat intake or vegetarian dietary intentions (d = 0.25).
Mindfulness was positively associated with reduced meat intake or vegetarian dietary intentions.
Vegetarian and vegan diet adherents were approximately twice as likely to report orthorexia nervosa symptoms as omnivores.
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